Introduction & Objective: Thalassaemia is a prevalent disease in Iran. The knowledge of couple about thalassaemia at the stage of marriage has an important role in prevention of that. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge of couple at the stage of Marriage in relation to the thalassaemia in Bahar city, Hamdan province.

Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. A total of 175 at the stage of Marriage was studied in counseling center of thalassaemia in Bahar in 2007. The data was collected of the couple with questionnaire and then were analyzed by SPSS.

Results: According to the result of this study, the knowledge 13.1% of couple was good, 47.4% of couple was medium and 39.4% of couple was weak about thalassaemia.So there is no significant difference between the knowledge of men and women (P>0.05). But the rate of the knowledge of thalassaemia was significantly increased in urban area and higher levels of education (P<0.05).  

Conclusion: This study showed that the knowledge of couple about thalassaemia was increased in the resent years using communication systems. The more extensive educational program for goal groups (youth, students, soldiers and other people) is necessary for promotion of prevention of thalassaemia.