Volume 29, Issue 3 (Summer 2021)
Avicenna J Nurs Midwifery Care 2021, 29(3): 220-232 |
Back to browse issues page
1- Professor in Nursing, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2- Associate Professor, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3- Professor in Nursing, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
4- Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran ,mazaherieffat@yahoo.com
2- Associate Professor, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3- Professor in Nursing, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
4- Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran ,
Abstract: (2980 Views)
Background and Objective: Women with breast cancer often experience alterations in their mothering roles both because of the disease and the reduced ability for child care. However, many women with breast cancer try to play their mothering roles as they did before the disease. This study aimed to discover the strategies used by Iranian women with breast cancer to manage their mothering roles in the process of the disease and survival.
Material and Methods: A qualitative content analysis study was conducted on 23 mothers with breast cancer. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and a conventional content analysis method was used to analyze the data simultaneously with data collection.
Results: Totally 1200 non-duplicate codes were extracted from the data and were categorized into four categories. Self-preparation was the first category and included three subcategories, namely, self-awareness for regaining the role, psychological mobilization to continue the role, and seeking informational support. Role reorganizing was the second category and had two subcategories, namely assigning to alternate people, and modifications of maternal duties. Self- and family-reconstruction was the third category and included three subcategories of energy conservation, communication development, and child protection. Playing a participatory-supervisory role was the fourth category and had two subcategories of participation and supervision.
Conclusion: Identifying the strategies used to play the mothering role can help health care professionals to support, provide advice, and train the mothers with breast cancer and their families. It also helps mothers to play their mothering role during the disease.
Persian Full-Text [PDF 951 kb]
(1243 Downloads)
| | Extended Abstract (HTML) (930 Views)
✅ Identifying the strategies used to play the mothering role can help health care professionals to support, provide advice, and train the mothers with breast cancer and their families. It also helps mothers to play their mothering role during the disease.
Type of Study: Original Research |
Subject:
Nursing
Received: 2020/10/3 | Accepted: 2021/04/15 | Published: 2021/09/21
Received: 2020/10/3 | Accepted: 2021/04/15 | Published: 2021/09/21
References
1. Haghighat S, Akbari M, Ghaffari S, Yavari P. Standardized breast cancer mortality rate compared to the general female population of Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012; 13(11):5525-8. [DOI:10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.11.5525] [PMID]
2. Shahidsales S, Hosseini S, Ahmadi-Simab S, Ghavam-Nasiri M. The importance of prognostic factors (ER, PR, P53) in breast cancer and their relationship with stage of disease. Med J Mashhad Univ Med Sci. 2014; 57(2):457-63.
3. Alligood M, Tomey A. Nursing theorists and their work. 5 ed. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2014.
4. Brown SG, Hudson DB, Campbell-Grossman C, Kupzyk KA, Yates BC, Hanna KM. Social support, parenting competence, and parenting satisfaction among adolescent, African American, mothers. West J Nurs Res. 2018; 40(4):502-19. [DOI:10.1177/0193945916682724] [PMID] [PMCID]
5. Vallido T, Wilkes L, Carter B, Jackson D. Mothering disrupted by illness: a narrative synthesis of qualitative research. J Adv Nurs. 2010; 66(7):1435-45. [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05350.x] [PMID]
6. Ambrósio DCM, Santos MAd. Social support to women after mastectomy: a review study. Cien Saude Colet. 2015; 20(3):851-64. [DOI:10.1590/1413-81232015203.13482014] [PMID]
7. Bultmann JC, Beierlein V, Romer G, Möller B, Koch U, Bergelt C. Parental cancer: Health‐related quality of life and current psychosocial support needs of cancer survivors and their children. Int J Cancer. 2014; 135(11):2668-77. [DOI:10.1002/ijc.28905] [PMID]
8. Yfantis A, Intas G, Tolia M, Nikolaou M, Tsoukalas N, Lymperi M, et al. Health-related quality of life of young women with breast cancer. Review of the literature. J BUON. 2018; 23(1):1-6.
9. Tavares R, Brandão T, Matos PM. Mothers with breast cancer: A mixed‐method systematic review on the impact on the parent‐child relationship. Psycho‐Oncology. 2018; 27(2):367-75. [DOI:10.1002/pon.4451] [PMID]
10. Strickland JT. Helene Hudson Lecture Young mothers’ engagement with the cancer care system. Can Oncol Nurs J/Revue canadienne de soins infirmiers en oncologie. 2015;25(3):270-4.
11. Mousvi Diva R, Moghadam N, Amani O. Evaluating family functioning and spiritual health in women with breast cancer, cancer-treated and healthy women. Iran J Psych Nurs. 2017; 5(5):49-56. [DOI:10.21859/ijpn-05057]
12. Goodwin S, Huppatz K. Mothers making class distinctions: the aesthetics of maternity. The Good Mother: Contemporary Motherhoods in Australia. Sydney: Sydney University Press; 2010. p. 69. [DOI:10.2307/j.ctv1sr6kgj.8]
13. Bultmann JC BV, Romer G, Möller B, Koch U, Bergelt C. Parental cancer: Health‐related quality of life and current psychosocial support needs of cancer survivors and their children. Int J Cancer 2014; 135(11):77-2668. [DOI:10.1002/ijc.28905] [PMID]
14. Whitehead L, Jacob E, Towell A, Abu‐Qamar Me, Cole‐Heath A. The role of the family in supporting the self‐management of chronic conditions: A qualitative systematic review. J Clinic Nurs. 2018; 27(1-2):22-30. [DOI:10.1111/jocn.13775] [PMID]
15. Drageset S, Lindstrøm TC, Giske T, Underlid K. Women's experiences of social support during the first year following primary breast cancer surgery. Scand J Caring Sci. 2016; 30(2):340-8. [DOI:10.1111/scs.12250] [PMID]
16. Vaziri S, Lotfi Kashani F, Akbari ME, Ghorbani Ashin Y. Comparing the motherhood and spouse role in women with breast cancer and healthy women. Iranian J Breast Dis. 2014; 7(2):76-83.
17. Ruddick S. Maternal thinking. Fem Stud. 1980; 6(2):342-67. [DOI:10.2307/3177749]
18. De Castro EK, Dornel ALK, De Sousa MA. The experience of motherhood during treatment. Int J Behav Med. 2018; 23(39559):1-16. [DOI:10.4025/psicolestud.v23i0.39559]
19. Hashemi‐Ghasemabadi M, Taleghani F, Kohan S, Yousefy A. Living under a cloud of threat: the experience of Iranian female caregivers with a first‐degree relative with breast cancer. Psycho‐Oncology. 2017; 26(5):625-31. [DOI:10.1002/pon.4198] [PMID]
20. Arber A. How do nurses "Think Family" and support parents diagnosed with cancer who have dependent children? Asia-Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2016; 3(3):214. [DOI:10.4103/2347-5625.189809] [PMID] [PMCID]
21. Polit DF, Beck CT. Essentials of nursing research: Appraising evidence for nursing practice. 7 ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010.
22. Graneheim UH, Lundman B. Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurs Educ Today. 2004; 24(2):105-12. [DOI:10.1016/j.nedt.2003.10.001] [PMID]
23. Software V. MAXQDA analytics pro [Computer program]. Author Berlin; 2016.
24. Lincoln YS, Guba EG. Naturalistic Inquiry. illustrated, reprint ed. New York: Sage publications; 1985.
25. Ainsworth MDS, Blehar MC, Waters E, Wall SN. Patterns of Attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Classic ed. London: Taylor & Francis; 2015. [DOI:10.4324/9781315802428]
26. Wilson S. ‘When you have children, you’re obliged to live’1: motherhood, chronic illness and biographical disruption. Sociol Health Illn. 2007;29(4):610-26. [DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9566.2007.01008.x] [PMID]
27. Noorisanchooli H, Rahnam M, Haghighi MJ, Hashemi SA, Younesbarani Z. The familial experiences of women with breast cancer referring to chemotherapy clinic: A qualitative study. Clin Cancer Invest J. 2018; 7(6):210-6. [DOI:10.4103/ccij.ccij_92_18]
28. Rashi C, Wittman T, Tsimicalis A, Loiselle CG. Balancing illness and parental demands: Coping with cancer while raising minor children. Oncol Nurs Fourm. 2015; 42(4):337-44. [DOI:10.1188/15.ONF.337-344] [PMID]
29. Bekteshi V, Kayser K. When a mother has cancer: pathways to relational growth for mothers and daughters coping with cancer. Psycho‐Oncology. 2013; 22(10):2379-85. [DOI:10.1002/pon.3299] [PMID]
30. Kian F, Etemadi O, Bahrami F. Exploring parenting styles of insecure Iranian mothers. Early Child Dev Care. 2019:1-8.
31. Kuswanto CN, Stafford L, Sharp J, Schofield P. Psychological distress, role, and identity changes in mothers following a diagnosis of cancer: A systematic review. Psycho‐Oncology. 2018; 27(12):2700-8. [DOI:10.1002/pon.4904] [PMID]
32. Mazzotti E, Serranò F, Sebastiani C, Marchetti P. Mother-child relationship as perceived by breast cancer women. Psychology. 2012;3(12):1027. [DOI:10.4236/psych.2012.312154]
33. Sadeghi E, Gozali N, Tabrizi FM. Effects of energy conservation strategies on cancer related fatigue and health promotion lifestyle in breast cancer survivors: A randomized control trial. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016; 17(10):4783-90.
34. Helseth S, Ulfsæt N. Parenting experiences during cancer. J Adv Nurs. 2005; 52(1):38-46. [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03562.x] [PMID]
35. Öhlén J, Holm AK. Transforming desolation into consolation: Being a mother with life-threatening breast cancer. Health Care Women Int. 2006; 27(1):18-44. [DOI:10.1080/07399330500377226] [PMID]
36. Semple C, McCaughan E. Family life when a parent is diagnosed with cancer: Impact of a psychosocial intervention for young children. Eur J Cancer Care. 2013; 22(2):219-31. [DOI:10.1111/ecc.12018] [PMID]
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |