@article{ author = {A.Ebadi,Ph.D., and A.Shamsi,M.Sc., and A.A.Refahi,M.Sc., and Y.Saied,M.Sc.,}, title = {Comparison of the Quality of Life in Men with and Without Hypertension}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:Hypertension is one of the important factors causing cardiovascular diseases. This is one of the effective factors in people’s quality of life. The aim of this study was to compare health related- quality of life in men with and without hypertension. Materials & Methods:In this cross sectional-comparative study, 400 men (200 hypertensive men and 200 normotensive men) were selected by convenience sampling in Tehran and their quality of life was measured by standard short form (SF36). Data analysis was done by SPSS software 15 using statistical tests c2 and T-test exact test. P<0.05 denoted statistical significance. Results:Mean age of participants in the hypertensive group was 44.83±8.48 and in the normal group was 4.44±5.50. The quality of life of normotensive control subjects (82.20 ± 10.72) was at higher level than hypertensive subjects (72.77 ± 17.60) (P <0.001). Conclusion:The quality of life in hypertensive men is at lower level than healthy men. Therefore, early detection of the hypertensive patients and finding better treatments to improve their quality of life is required.}, Keywords = {Hypertension / Male / Quality of life}, volume = {20}, Number = {1}, pages = {5-15}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1101-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1101-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {H.Tavangar,Ph.D.student, and F.Alhani,Ph.D., and Z.Vanaki,Ph.D.,}, title = {Coping with Work-Family Conflict in Nurses: A Qualitative Study}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:Work – Family Conflict (WFC) has been described as a maladaptation between work and family roles that occurs when role pressures from the work and family domains are mutually incompatible. As WFC is inevitable, it is necessary to study the ways of facing and dealing with it. This study was designed to examine nurses’ experiences of different ways of coping with WFC. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted based on qualitative content analysis approach. In this study 16 nurses, 12 females and 4 males , were selected based on purposeful sampling. Data was gathered through unstructured interviews. The method of data analysis was inductive content analysis approach. Results: All 16 participants had bachelor's degree and 4 to 28 years of work experience, the average year of work experience among them was 14/9 years. Research findings showed that “individual coping” was the main theme against WFC and included following subcategories: 1-self control, 2- shift regulation, 3- dodging, 4- adjusting and 5- resorting to spirituality. Conclusion:Our findings demonstrated that nurses like other workers make individual efforts to cope with the conflict. In some cases the individual efforts are successful and reduce WFC conflict but in some other cases, because of the nurses’ discontinuous training and relative adequacy in relation to managing conflicts, individual efforts are ineffective in reducing W-F conflict. Therefore it is recommended that all nurses be familiar with various forms of W-F conflict and learn scientific methods of conflict resolutin to reduce the negative consequences of W-F conflict as much as possible.}, Keywords = {Coping Ways / Nursing / Qualitative Study / Work-Family Conflict}, volume = {20}, Number = {1}, pages = {14-24}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1102-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1102-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {M.Roostaei,M.D., and Sh.Nasolahi,M.D., and F.EsnaAshari,M.D., and H.Tavilani,Ph.D.,}, title = {Comparison of Maternal Serum Ceruloplasmin Level in Normal and Preeclamptic Pregnancies}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy disorder that is associated with increased maternal and perinatal mortality. Imbalance between lipid radicals and antioxidant system is discussed as one of the possible mechanisms of pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum ceruloplasmin level and to examine its relationship with severity and complications of preeclampsia. Materials & Methods: Thiscase - control studywas performed on30pregnant womendiagnosed withpreeclampsia in HamedanFatemiyeh Hospital as the case group. 30 womenwithnormalpregnancy, aftermatching, as controlsentered into the study. Aftermeasuringserumceruloplasmin level, complicationssuch asheadache, visual disturbances, intrauterine growth restriction, oligohydramnios, weight loss and placenta decolmantwere recordedin thecheck listsdesigned foreach patient. Data was analyzedthrough SPSS softwareversion 16, chi-square andttests. Results: Meanserumceruloplasmin level in the case group was 317.01mg/dl andin the control group was197.94mg/dl. Thedifference between them wasstatistically significant. Also headacheandvisual disturbances in the case groupweresignificantlyhigher than the control group. Conclusion: The resultsshowed thatserum ceruloplasmin level in the patients with preeclampsia is higher than those with normal pregnancy.  }, Keywords = {Antioxidants / Ceruloplasmin / Preeclampsia}, volume = {20}, Number = {1}, pages = {25-35}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1103-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1103-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {B.Baheri,M.Sc., and M.Ziaie,M.Sc., and Sh.ZeighamiMohammadi,M.Sc.,}, title = {Frequency of Domestic Violence in Women with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (Karaj 2007-2008)}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: Women are at risk of domestic violence at all stages of their lives, especially during pregnancy. Domestic violence increases risk of complications of pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine frequency of domestic violence in women with adverse pregnancy outcomes.   Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on 168 pregnant women with adverse pregnancy outcomes referred to medical centers of Karaj in six months (2007-2008). Participants were selected by convenience sampling and data was collected through interview. The instruments of data gathering were demographic data form,Domestic Violence against pregnant women questionnaireand adverse pregnancy outcomes questionnaire. Data was analyzed by SPSS software using t-test, ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: Adverse pregnancy outcomes included low birth weight25.8% , premature labour 24.9%, premature rupture of membranes15.5%, small for gestational age births11.5%,  placenta decolman9.3 %, abortion6.7% , prenatal death6.3%. Mild, moderate and sever domestic violence had been experienced respectively by 95.8%, 3.6% and 0.6% of the participants during their pregnancy. The frequency of psychological -Verbal violence was 50%, sexual violence 45.2% and physical violence 16.7%. There were statistically significant differences between mean total score of domestic (p=0.034), sexual(p=0.048) and physical violence (p=0.010) and the women’s education level , total domestic (p=0.002), verbal-psychological(p=0.003),sexual(p=0.018) and physical violence (p=0.022) and the women’s job, total domestic (p<0.001), verbal-psychological (p<0.001),sexual(p<0.001) and physical violence (p=0.040) and the husbands’ addiction, physical violence and prenatal care (p=0.024) and verbal-psychological violence and neonates' low birth weight(p=0.046). Conclusion:Screening and prevention programs of domestic violence in pregnant women may help to improve pregnant women’s health and pregnancy outcomes}, Keywords = {Domestic Violence / Pregnancy}, volume = {20}, Number = {1}, pages = {31-41}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1104-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1104-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {S.Aghababaie,M.Sc., and H.Riazi,M.Sc., and T.Artimani,M.Sc., and F.Shobeiri,Ph.D.,}, title = {Internal Evaluation of Mother and Child & Midwifery Departments of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:Internal evaluation is the process of university situation analysis which is performed by academic members. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the situation of Mother and ChildHealth & Midwifery departments of Nursing ;Midwifery Faculty in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in order to improve the quality of education in these departments. Materials & Methods: This descriptive study was performed by applying the process of internal evaluation in the faculty of Nursing ;Midwifery in 2008. Consulting with faculty and evaluation committee members, a checklist was made with the focus on the following domains: Aims, education groups’ duties, organizational structure, faculty members’ obligations, students, teaching and learning process, courses, research, education and research equipments, and graduates. Data gathering device was a valid and reliable questionnaire and it was analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results:The research findings showed that Mother and Child Health department by achieving more than 80 percent of scores was in a desirable situation in 8 domains and only in the domain of graduates was in   rather desirable situation. Overall, Mother and Child Health department by catching 87.5% of the total score was in a desirable situation. Midwifery department by achieving more than 80 percent of scores was in a desirable situation in all domains and Overall by catching 89.75 % of the total score was in a desirable situation. Conclusion:Although the results of the study suggest that Mother and Child Health and Midwifery departments are in desirable situations, it is recommended that the heads and academic members of these departments cooperate with each other more than before to solve shortcomings and enhance education and research quality of the departments as far as possible.}, Keywords = {Hamadan / Internal evaluation / School of Nursing & Midwifery}, volume = {20}, Number = {1}, pages = {39-49}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1105-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1105-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {S.Bashirian,Ph.D.student., and A.Heidarnia,Ph.D., and H.Allahverdipour,Ph.D.,}, title = {The Relationship between Self-Control and Intention to Substance Abuse in Adolescents}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: Low self-control is a fundamental factor for drug abuse among adolescents. Due to the importance ofself-control in preventing high-risk behaviors in adolescents, this study was conducted to examine the relationship between self-control and substanceabuse. Materials & Methods:Thiscross-sectional study was carried outon arandomsample of650male studentsin Hamadan. Data was collected bywritten questionnaireandself-reporting methodsandit was analyzedusing SPSSsoftware version16. Results:This study showed that 72 students had history of smoking (11.1%), 22 students had history of drug use (3.4%), and 78 students had intention todrug use (12%). There was a significant relationship between self-control and history of smoking (p=0.001), history of drug use (p=0.012), intention todrug use (p=0.001) and attitude toward drugs (p=0.007). Conclusions:33.7% of the subjects had over weight and 15.8% obesity. According to Regression model risk factors of over weight & obesity were computer work and using fast-food.Therefore educational planning to promote level of behaviors healthy and lifestyle is recommended.}, Keywords = {Adolescents / Self-Control / Substance Abuse}, volume = {20}, Number = {1}, pages = {45-55}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1106-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1106-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Z.Tagharobi,M.Sc., and Kh.Sharifi,Ph.D.student, and Z.Soki,Ph.D.student,}, title = {Subjective Well-Being in the Students of Kashan Nursing & Midwifery Faculty (KNMF)}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:Subjective Well-being is one of the important indicators for the evaluation of mental health status and screening   mental health problems in general population including university students is necessary. So, this study was carried out in order to assess subjective well-being and its related factors in the students of KNMF, in 2008. Materials & Methods:In this cross- sectional study, 161 students were selected through random stratified method. Data was collected by Q-LES-QSF and a questionnaire which was about possible related factors to subjective well-being. Subjective well-being status was determined in a scale of 0-100 and its limits were calculated with %95 confidence. The data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-wallis test and stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis. Results:Q-LES-QSF score was 57/04 ± 19/17 (%95 CLM = 54/07-60/01). There was a significant relationship between the students’ interest in the major of study and subjective well-being (p<0/006). In this study, the effect of disease suffering on subjective well-being was also confirmed (p=0.000). Regression analysis showed that %44/1 of the observed variance in the status of subjective well-being had been determined by 3 variables of disease suffering, interest in the major of study, and the semester number (F=29/153, p=0.000) while disease suffering explains %34 of the total variance alone. Conclusion:Subjective well-being level in the students of KNMF is low. Introducing the majors of study to the students before entering to the university and further notice to their mental & physical health especially in the first years of education seems to improve their subjective well-being.}, Keywords = {Medical Sciences Students / Related Factors / Subjective Well-Being}, volume = {20}, Number = {1}, pages = {54-64}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1107-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1107-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {M.Torabi,M.Sc., and M.Salavati,M.Sc., and A.R.GhahriSarabi,M.Sc.,}, title = {Effect of Foot Reflexology Massage and Benson Relaxation Techniques on Anxiety and Physiological Indexes of Patients undergoing Coronary Heart Angiography}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: One of the most common diagnosis and therapeutic methods in cardiac disorders is Cardiac Catheterization that increases patient`s anxiety levels pre-operatively. Anxiety will enhance catecholamine’s level in blood and put the patients at risk in operation room. Foot reflexology massage and Benson relaxation cause comfort, tranquility and change of physiological responses .The purpose of this study was to determine the effect  of foot reflexology massage and Benson relaxation techniques on anxiety and physiological indexes of angiography expecting patients. Materials & Methods: This semi-experimental research was performed on three groups of patients undergoing angiograhy (massage, relaxation and control groups ). Research Subjects were selected purposefully and then placed in three groups with random allocation technique. Data collection tools were demographic questionnaires, checklist and self report sheet of anxiety level. Results: After using foot reflexology massage and Benson relaxation, anxiety decreased significantly in massage and relaxation groups, in contrast with witness group (P<0.01). Also the comparison of  mean physiologic indexes of massage, relaxation and witness groups 0.5h before angiography indicated that there were significant  differences in pulse and diastolic pressure(P=0.05) among them. Conclusion: Results of this study suggested that foot reflexology massage and relaxation are effective in decreasing the anxiety and physiological indexes in angiography expecting patients, therefore it is recommended to use them as complementary methods before Cardiac Catheterization.}, Keywords = {Anxiety / Benson Relaxation / Coronary Angiography / Foot Reflexology Massage Physiological Indexes}, volume = {20}, Number = {1}, pages = {63-73}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1108-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1108-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {M.Khatiban,Ph.D., and S.Hosseini,M.Sc., and A.Beikmoradi,Ph.D.,}, title = {Burnout in the Personnel of the Emergency Medical Services in Hamadan Province}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: It is important to identify the rate of burnout among emergency services staff because they are the first people who attend the emergency situations. This study was done to determine the operational staffs’ burnout in the Medical Emergency Services in Hamadan. Materials & Methods: In this cross - sectional study, all 110 operational staff of the Emergency Medical Services in Hamadan were invited. Data gathering device was a questionnair with two parts of demographic characteristics and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Content and face validity of the questionnair were confirmed, and test-retest with r=.88 and Cronbach's alpha=.84 showed its appropriate reliability. Results: In terms of frequency (repetition), the mean score of emotional exhaustion was 20.85(±15.00), ie average, depersonalization was 7/87(±5/97) ie average, and personal accomplishment was 22/73(±7/95), ie low. From the viewpoint of intensity, the mean score of emotional exhaustion was 24/96(±17/10), ie average, depersonalization was 11/85(±9/48) and personal accomplishment was 28/34(±16/10), ie low. Conclusion: The extent of the burnout in the operational staff of the Emergency Medical Services must be considered as an alarm by the managers and officials of the Emergency Services in Hamadan and the other provinces of Iran.   Keywords: Burnout/ Hamadan Province/ Personnel of the Emergency Medical Services}, Keywords = {Burnout / Hamadan Province/ Personnel of the Emergency Medical Serv}, volume = {20}, Number = {2}, pages = {5-15}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1109-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1109-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {M.Shamsi,Ph.D.student, and A.R.Heidarnia,Ph.D., and Sh.Niknami,Ph.D.,}, title = {The Effects of Educational Programs Based on Health Belief Model on Oral Health Behavior of Pregnant Women in Arak city}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:Paying attention to oral health in the high-risk group of pregnant women is more crucial than others because of its effects on both mother and fetus health. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of structured educational programs on oral-hygiene behavior of pregnant women. Materials & Methods:In this quasi-experimental study, 130 pregnant women of Arak city were randomly put in the case and control groups (65 women in each group). Data collection devices were a questionnaire based on HBM and the pregnant women’s oral and dental health behavior. During one month, members of the case group took part in 4 sessions of educational classes and 3 months after the intervention, members of both case and control groups filled out the questionnaire and then the data was analyzed. Results:There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the mean scores of HBM variables in the case and control groups before and after the intervention. Before the intervention, the mean score of oral-hygiene behavior in the case group was 45 ±9.2 that after the intervention and three months of follow-up reached to 77±9.7 which showed a significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusion:The results of this study showed that applying educational programs based on HBM model to oral and dental health behavior of pregnant women is very effective. In doing this program, control, monitoring and follow up educations are highly recommended.   Keywords:Health Belief Model/ Oral Health/ Women Pregnant}, Keywords = {Health Belief Model/ Oral Health/ Women Pregnant}, volume = {20}, Number = {2}, pages = {12-22}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1110-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1110-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {A.HematiSabet,M.Sc., and Z.Ahangarian,M.Sc., and M.Ahmadpanah,Ph.D.,}, title = {The Comparison of Pharmacotherapy, Group Cognitive Therapy and Desensitization Byreprocessing Eye Movements on Reducing Depression in Iranian Veterans}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: Since pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy of depression are symptomatic treatments, in this study we used 3 methods of drug therapy, group cognitive therapy and desensitization by reprocessing eye movements to compare the efficacy of the mentioned treatments in reducing depression in the Iranian veterans. Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 60 veterans with upper than 25% damage were selected from among all those who were supported by Martyr foundation of the southern and southwestern areas of Tehran. The samples were randomly put in 4 groups of drug therapy, group cognitive therapy, desensitization by reprocessing eye movements and control. The first group, drug therapy group, took SSRIS antidepressants (Flyvkztyn, fluvoxamine and sertraline) or an effective dosage of a drug combination such as Litume. The second and third groups, once a week for two months, took part in structured classes which lasted 1/5 hours. The control group received no intervention. Data gathering device was depression questionnaire of Beck with 21 items. Data was analyzed by covariance analysis. Results: Covariance analysis showed that after adjusting pretest scores, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of the groups at post test (001/0 = p, 590/12 = (55, 3) F). Examining the adjusted mean scores revealed the superiority of desensitization by reprocessing eye movements in reducing depression over the two methods of drug therapy and group cognitive therapy. Drug therapy and group cognitive therapy had the same effect against depression. Compared with control group, symptoms of depression in experiment groups had greater reduction at post-test. Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrated that drug therapy, group cognitive therapy and desensitization by reprocessing eye movements are effective in reducing depression in veterans.  Keywords: Depression / Desensitization Byre processing Eye Movements / Group Cognitive                Therapy / Pharmacotherapy}, Keywords = {Depression / Desensitization Byre processing Eye Movements / Group Cognitive Therapy / Pharmacotherapy}, volume = {20}, Number = {2}, pages = {22-32}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1111-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1111-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {M.Arab,M.Sc., and A.Nassehi,M.Sc., and F.Borhani,Ph.D., and A.AbasZadeh,Ph.D.,}, title = {The Effects of the Compliance Based Education on Asthmatic Patients’ Quality of Life}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: The quality of life in asthmatic patients is affected by different factors including lack of knowledge about the disease. This study was designed to investigate the effects of the compliance-based education model on asthmatic patient’s quality of life. Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 70 patients who had referred to Besat outpatient clinic in Kerman were selected as samples and randomly divided into experiment and control groups. Members of the experiment group took part in four sessions of group education, each lasted 2 hours while the control group received no intervention. Both groups of the patients, before and eight week safter the intervention, filled out the questionnaire of asthmatic patients’ quality of life designed by Marks et al in 1992. Data was analyzed by SPSS / 16 software. Results: Before the intervention, the total mean scores of the quality of life in the experiment and control groups were 34/7 and 32/85 respectively. After the intervention the figures reached to 27/1 and 32/82 that was a statistically significant difference. Based on the results of this study, after the education the quality of life in the experiment group had improved significantly while there wasn’t seen such a difference in the control group. Also the mean score of the quality of life in the experiment group compared with the control group was significantly better (P<0/05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that educating asthmatic patients with compliance based model can improve the quality of their lives, therefore health care team specially the nurses can use this model while taking care of patients with asthma.  Keywords: Asthma Patients / Education / Educational Model / Quality of Life}, Keywords = {Asthma Patients / Education / Educational Model / Quality of Life}, volume = {20}, Number = {2}, pages = {32-42}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1112-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1112-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {F.Shamsaei,Ph.D., and F.Cheraghi,Ph.D.,}, title = {Co morbidity of Sleep Disorder and General Health in the General Population of Hamadan}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:Sleep disorder is a common problom in the general populationand is associated with general health status. The purpose of this study was to determine the comorbidity of sleep disorder and general health in Hamedan.    Materials & Methods: This study was a descriptive cross – sectional one. The participants were 1800 adults who were selected by cluster sampling in Hamadan in 1389. Data was collected by a questionnaire with 3 parts of A- demographic factors, B- questions related to sleep disturbances and C- GHQ-28 questionnaire Results: Prevalence of sleep disorder in participants was 23.32% while 29.56% of them were suspected with health problem, so there was a statistically significant relationship between general health and sleep disorder Conclusion:Sleepis one of thebasicpsychological needs of humans and sleep disorder can threatour generalhealth. Therefore paying attention to sleep health will be effective in providing our physical and mental health.   Keywords: General Health Status/ Hamedanian Peoples / Sleep Disturbances}, Keywords = {General Health Status/ Hamedanian Peoples / Sleep Disturbances}, volume = {20}, Number = {2}, pages = {40-50}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1113-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1113-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {R.Sodeify,Ph.D.student, and Z.Vanaki,Ph.D., and E.Mohammadi,Ph.D.,}, title = {Psychological Empowerment in Iranian Clinical Nurses}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:Stress and perceived threats in the workplace are global phenomena in nursing. Psychological empowering can act as a buffer against stress and improve the quality of the provided care. This study was designed to explain theoretically the psychological empowering of Iranian clinical nurses. Materials & Methods:In this qualitative study fourteen nurses and four head-nurses from hospitals connected with Orumieh University of medical sciences were selected through purposive sampling. Data was collected by deep interview with semi-structural questions. Finally data was analyzed using the conventional qualitative content analysis. Results:Data analysis resulted in the emergence of three main themes of self-assistance, management behaviors, self-efficacy and eight related sub themes. Nurses empowered themselves psychologically by integrating the three mentioned themes. Conclusion:Psychological empowering is a dynamic and multi-dimensional concept with a complex nature which is influenced by personal and managing measures. With adopting empowering and supportive behavior and with creating opportunity for growth and professional development of nurses, managers can ensure their staff's psychological empowerment which can lead to the improvement of the quality of their provided care. Nursing instructors and teachers by instructing self-empowering methods can train efficient workforces who are resistant against workplace stress.   Keywords:Clinical Nurse / Iran / Psychological empowerment / Stress / Workplace}, Keywords = {Clinical Nurse / Iran / Psychological empowerment / Stress / Workplace}, volume = {20}, Number = {2}, pages = {46-56}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1114-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1114-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {R.Amini,M.Sc., and N.Mohammadi,M.Sc., and A.Omidi,M.Sc., and M.Khodaveisi,Ph.D.,}, title = {The Reasons of Breastfeeding Cessation in Children under One Year Old A Case-Control Study}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:Breastfeeding is the best method of baby feeding .This study was done to determine the reasons of breastfeeding cessation in children under one year old whose mothers had referred to health care centers in Hamadan. Materials & Methods: This case- control study was conducted in Hamadan in 2008 on mothers who had children under one year old. 130 mothers who had stopped breastfeeding were in the case group and 149 mothers who had continued breastfeeding were in the control group. Data gathering device was a questionnaire with two parts Data analysis was done by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS 16. Results:The findings showed that 32.3% and 41.6% of mothers in the case and control group were between 26-30 years old and 28.5% and 35.5% of fathers in the case and control group were between 31-35. 80% and 83.9% of mothers in the case and control group were housekeepers. 54.7% and 51% of fathers in the case and control group were self-employed. In terms of education, 34.6% of mothers and 28.5% of fathers in the case group and 34.2% of mothers and 35.5%of fathers in the control group had high school diploma. This study showed that the distance between home and the mothers’ work place (p=0.04) and inadequacy of milk supply (p< 0.001) are some of the mother-related factors of breastfeeding cessation, while lack of weighting (p=0.03) and being twins (p< 0.001) are among child-related factors. Also from among demographic variables, parents’ education level had a positive relationship with breastfeeding cessation) p= 0.006). Conclusion:It is needed to provide a supportive environment and to make education programs for inexperienced mothers to help them continue breastfeeding.   Keywords:Breastfeeding / Infant / Health Center / Women}, Keywords = {Breastfeeding / Infant / Health Center / Women}, volume = {20}, Number = {2}, pages = {58-68}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1115-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1115-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {M.R.Mostafaie,M.Sc., and S.Bashirian,Ph.D.,}, title = {Comparative Survey of Depression among Chronic Disease and Healthy Adolescences of Hamadan City}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:Today, one of the most important social matters in different societies is psychological disorders, specially depression among adolescents for this reason, a study was considered under “comparative survey of depression among chronic diseases and healthy adolescences of Hamadan city”. Materials & Methods: This research is a descriptive-Analytic study. the research population Children in Hamadan city whole of Chronic Disease's adolescences groups. Sampling method of this research includes simple Census method from patient with 11-18 adolescences years range of age, who have therapeutic follow-up chart in Chronic Disease Center (one hundered twenty seven person). Control group was selected by cluster sampling from fourth geographic areas of Hamadan city high schools(one hundred forty nine). Data is gatheried through scale standard “Beck” assessment tools for depression & interview and data analysis were performed by Spss (Version.16(. Results:55.1% of sick children categorized in norm ratio, whereas in chronic disease adolescences was (%58.1). The results was indicated that mild depression among sick(%37), even though in chronic disease adolescences was(%34.5) and no significant different between two groups was seen ( P=0.73 ). Between sex & depression significant difference was seen (p=0.0377), Suffering adolescent female samples in mild & moderate depression in case group was more than males (%60.5 against %37). Alsoin adolescent group chronic disease between type disease & degree depression, significant different was not seen ( P>0.05 ). Conclusion:Between depression's degree in two groups were not seen significant difference.    Keywords:Depression / Chronic Disease / Healthy Adolescent}, Keywords = {Depression / Chronic Disease / Healthy Adolescent}, volume = {20}, Number = {2}, pages = {65-75}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1116-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1116-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {M.Attarha,Ph.D.student, and K.Vakilian,Ph.D., and M.Shamsi,M.Sc.,}, title = {Comparing the Effects of Brewed Black Tea with Boiled Water as Adjunct Treatments on Infants\' Conjunectivitis}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: The most common causes of inflammation of conjunectiva are bacterial and viral infections. Because of the antimicrobial quality of black tea, the aim of this study is to compare the effects of brewed black tea with boiled water as adjunct treatments on infants' conjunectivitis. Materials & Methods: This is a randomized control clinical trial study that was carried out on110 infants referred to Pediatric Clinic of Amir Kabir Hospital in Arak on 2011. The subjects were randomized into 2 groups of intervention (receiving brewed black tea plus antibiotics) and control (receiving boiled water add antibiotics). The severity of conjunectivitis and duration of treatment were determined in both groups at first, third and seventh days of treatment and compared with each other. Results: At the first day there wasn’t seen any significant difference between the groups, in terms of the severity of conjunctivitis. At the 3rd day 74.5 % of infants in the intervention group and 18.2 % of infants in the control group had been cured which showed a statistically meaningful difference (P=0.001). 100% of infants in the intervention group and 32.7% of them in the control group had been cured at the seventh day (P=0.001). Conclusion: Becausebrewed black tea plus antibiotics decreased the severity ofinfants' conjunctivitis and reduced duration of treatment, it is suggested to be used as an adjunct treatment in the case of infants' conjunctivitis.}, Keywords = {Antibiotics / Boiled water/ Brewed black tea/ Conjunctivitis/ Infants}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {5-15}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1117-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1117-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {M.Barati,Ph.D.student, and Y.Fathi,M.Sc., and A.R.Soltanian,Ph.D., and B.Moeini,Ph.D.,}, title = {Mental Health Condition and Health Promoting Behaviors among Elders in Hamadan}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:It is important to assess mental health in elder people in order to detect any mental health problem among them. The aim of this study was to determine the condition of mental health and health promoting behaviors among elder people in Hamadan. Materials & Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. By multistage sampling method, 400 participants over 60 years old were selected randomly. Data-gathering device was a questionnaire with 2-parts of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) used to measure mental health condition and a check-list for measuring health promoting behaviors. Descriptive statistics (mean, variance and percentage) and One-way analysis of variance and t-test were used to compare average rate of psychical health in subjects. Results:According to the cut off point of GHQ-28 that was 23, respondents were divided into psychiatrically deranged ones (42%, n = 168) and noncases (58%, n = 232). There was seen a statistically significant difference in mental health condition based on gender, education level, economic status, marriage status and family structure (P<0.001). Also the results showed that there was statistically significant relationship between mental health and smoking, doing exercise, drinking alcohol, eating fruit and vegetable, physical health condition and controlling blood pressure(P<0.05). Conclusion:Regarding the results of this study and because of the specific needs of elders, their mental health can be threated easily. Due to the relationship between mental health and health promoting behaviors, authorities are recommended to identify the psychological factors, both facilitating and prohibiting factors, associated with these behaviors.}, Keywords = {Aged / Hamadan / Health promoting behaviors / Mental Health}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {12-22}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1118-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1118-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {A.Mahmoodi,M.Sc., and M.Alavi,Ph.D., and N.Mosavi,B.Sc.,}, title = {The Relationship between Self-Care Behaviors and HbA1c in Diabetic Patients}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:Self-care is one of the most important factors in controlling diabetes. Sometimes self-care is not possible due to certain barriers which inhibit the patient’s role in controlling the disease. This study aims to identify the barriers against self-care in diabetic patients and to find their associations with diabetes control. Materials & Methods: The subjects of our study were 225 patients with type II diabetes who were selected randomly. Data gathering devices were demographic and self-care behavior questionnaires with 34 questions about the barriers of self-care behavior scaling from low(1) to high (5). All cases were tested for HbA1c before entering into the study. Results: The findings of this study showed that there are different barriers against self-care behavior including high costs of care/management, busy lifestyle, depressive effect of the treatment, forgetfulness, unawareness of the self-care programs, having no tendency toward the program, unawareness of blood glucose test interpretation and disbelief in self-care results. Among the mentioned barriers, cost of management/care (r=0.24) and depression (r=0.21) had significant associations with higher HbA1c levels. Conclusion: The result of the study indicates that one of the important factors in successful treatment of diabetic patients is to help them to be active in their self-care. Therefore health care team not only should train them to do self-care properly but also they should guide the patients to remove the barriers to reach the best results.}, Keywords = {Diabetes / HbA1c / Self-care}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {20-30}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1119-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1119-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {M.Dehghani,M.Sc., and M.M.Chehrzad,M.Sc., and M.JafariAsl,M.Sc.,}, title = {Investigating the Relationship between Satisfaction from Body Image and Socio Cultural Patterns among Female Adolescents in Rasht City}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: Preoccupation with body image is very common among adolescents. Different factors such as socio-cultural patterns have effects on body image and adolescents’ satisfaction from that. This study was done to determine the relationship between the satisfaction from body image and socio-cultural patterns among female adolescents in Rasht city. Materials & Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was done on 450 female high school adolescents between 15 to 17 years old who were selected based on randomized cluster sampling on 2011 in Rasht. Data was collected using demographic questionnaire,MBSRQ-AS,SATAQ-3 and a balance and a tape measure to determine BMI. Data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS 16. Results: Mean scores of satisfaction from body image in the domains of “orientation to the  appearance” (49.92±4.85), “appearance evaluation” (23.75±3.82) and “satisfaction from body areas” (36.31±6.33) were high while mean score of satisfaction from “preoccupation with being overweight” (17.27±4.82) was low. There was seen a statistically significant relationship between satisfaction from body image based on BMI and general patterns of the society and athletes (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of study showed that satisfaction from body image in high school female adolescents of Rasht was high except from the domain of “orientation to the appearance”. It also indicated that the subjects’ satisfaction from their body image was under the influence of BMI index, general patterns of society and athletes. So it is needed to identify the influential factors and provide proper trainings for the adolescents to improve their self confidence and prevent from body image disorders among them.}, Keywords = {Athlete\'s Pattern / Body Image / Female Adolescents / General Pattern}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {26-36}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1120-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1120-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {T.HasanTehrani,M.Sc., and N.KaramiKabir,M.Sc., and F.Sheraghi,Ph.D.,}, title = {The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Mental Health and Academic Achievement in Neyshabour Nursing Students}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:Today emotional intelligence has an important role in different dimensions of people’s lives. The studiesin this area indicate the importance of emotional intelligence in different aspects of individuals' lives such as education, marriage, employment and social relationships. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence, mental health and academic achievement among nursing students.    Materials & Methods: In this descriptive cross sectional study, based on census sampling 107 nursing students of Neyshobour university of Medical Sciences participated in the study. The data was collected using demographic questionnaire, emotional intelligence questionnaire of Bar-on and Goldberg general health questionnaire (GHQ-28). The mean score of students was used as an index of academic achievement. Data was analyzed by Pearson's correlation, T test, one way ANOVA and regression using SPSS software. Results: The Results of the study indicated that the  mean score of emotional intelligence of students was 74.73±9.05 and the mean score of health was 30.57±10.13. There was seen a significant relationship between emotional intelligence, mental health and academic achievement (P<0.001).Also the results showed there was a significant correlation between some parts of the demographic data, emotional intelligence and academic achievement (P<0.001). Conclusion:In order to improve the   academic abilities and success, in addition to general recognition abilities, the students should develop an appropriate progress in aspects such as controlling excitements and emotions. Therefore, it is suggested that emotional intelligence and its promotion among the students to be considered in university curricula}, Keywords = {Academic achievement / Emotional intelligence / Mental health/ / Nursing student}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {35-45}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1121-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1121-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {M.Salavati,M.Sc., and M.Najafvandzadeh,M.Sc., and Kh.Oshvandi,Ph.D.Sh.Homayonfar,M.D., and A.R.Soltanian,Ph.D.,}, title = {The Effects of Programmed Visiting on Physiological Indexes in CCU Patients}, abstract ={  Introduction & Objective:Visiting is one of the basic needs of patients and their families while they are in coronary care units (CCUs). As the healthcare system moves toward a consumer-driven paradigm, talking about visiting hours has become a controversial and interesting topic. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of programmed visiting on physiological indexes in CCU patients. Materials & Methods:In this quasi-experimental study, 60 patients with acute myocardial infarction were selected through convenience sampling and randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the case group were asked to name those who are more comfortable with and love to be present at the visiting time. Visitors were trained for proper visiting. Data was collected by a questionnaire and Cardiac Monitoring. Physiological indexes (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation) were assessed 10 minutes before and during visiting, as well as 10 and 30 minutes after visiting. Data was analysed by SPSS software 18. Results:In the case group, the mean scores of physiological indexes (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation ) 10 minutes before visiting, during visiting and 10 and 30 minutes after visiting were not statistically significant (p>0.05) . But the differences were statistically meaningful in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion:According to this study, presence offamily members and friends in CCU wards based on programmed visiting does not make any significant difference in physiological indexes of the patients, so there is not any reason for restricting visiting patients in CCU.  }, Keywords = {CCU / Impatient Visiting / Myocardial Infarction / Physiological Indexes}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {43-53}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1122-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1122-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {A.Mohammadpour,Ph.D., and A.DehnoAlian,M.Sc.student, and S.J.Mojtabavi,M.D.,}, title = {The Effects of Foot Reflexology Massage on Physiological Parameters of Patients with Stroke}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:Stroke is the leading cause of disability in adults and the 6th cause of diseases burden, globally. Different methods such as methods of alternative medicine can help nurses to improve patients’ health. Foot reflexology massage is one of the techniques that can be used. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of this method on physiological parameters of patients with stroke. Materials & Methods: Inthis clinical trial study 68 patients with stroke were selected and randomly divided into two groups of intervention (34patients) and control(34). In the intervention group, foot reflexology massage was performed about 30 minutes for each patient.Data collection devices were a demographic questionnaire and a check list of physiological parameters. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and analytic tests such as ANOVA with repeated measurements using spss software Results:Repeated measurements showed that during the process of controlling physiological parameters, there was not any statistically significant change in the patients’ temperature, respiration and blood oxygen saturation. But it was found a significant difference in heart rate in both groups(P=0.00). Conclusion:The results of this study demonstrate that foot reflexology massage can be used as a safe, effective and economical nursing intervention to reduce the heart rate in patients with stroke.}, Keywords = {Foot Reflexology / Physiologic Parameters / Stroke}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {50-60}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1123-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1123-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {E.Baljani,M.Sc., and Zh.Rahimi,M.Sc., and Sh.Heidari,M.Sc., and A.Azimpour,M.Sc.,}, title = {The Effect of Self Management Interventions on Medication Adherence and Life Style in Cardiovascular Patients}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective:Cardiovascular diseasehas been themost commoncause of deathandmajorcauseofdisabilityinmost countriesand itseems that modifying lifestyle and adhering to medication regimen is essential in these patients. The purpose ofthis studywastoassess the impactof self managementinterventionsonlifestylemodificationandmedicationadherenceincardiovascular patients. Materials & Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental research and 86 patients with cardiovascular disease participated in the study. The samples were selected by convenience sampling  in two-stage before and 6 months after the intervention and randomly were held in two groups of case and control. The case group received self management interventions related to healthy lifestyle and long-term medication adherence while the control group received routine interventions of the hospital.Data collecting device was a questionnaire containing questions about demographic information, adherence to the medication regimen and lifestyle. Data was entered and analysed by descriptive statistical tests, paired samples and independent samples t- test using SPSS software version 16. Results:Independent t- test showed that after the intervention, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of adherence to medication regimen (p<0.05) and choosing low-fat diet(p <0.05) in the control and case groups. Conclusion:The results of this study showed that using self-management interventions can be helpful in adhering to medicationregimen and changing lifestyle in choosing low fat diet. In patients with cardiovascular diseases whom specialists have desired long-term lifestyle changes, self management is in effective measure that increases their control over their condition.}, Keywords = {Cardiovascular Disease / Life Style / Medication Regimen / Self-Management}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {58-68}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1124-en.html}, eprint = {http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1124-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care}, issn = {2676-5748}, eissn = {2676-5748}, year = {2012} }