Comparison of the Effectiveness of Training Based on Transactional Analysis (TA) and Pilates Exercises on Psychic Restlessness and General Health of Infertile Women

Belir, Susan; Goodarzi, Kourosh; Roozbahani, Mehdi; Ebrahimi, Mohammad Ismail; Kakabraee, Keivan

doi:10.32592/ajnmc.30.2.142

Volume 30, Issue 2 (Spring 2022) Avicenna J Nurs Midwifery Care 2022, 30(2): 142-150 | Back to browse issues page

‎ 10.32592/ajnmc.30.2.142

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Belir S, Goodarzi K, Roozbahani M, Ebrahimi M I, Kakabraee K. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Training Based on Transactional Analysis (TA) and Pilates Exercises on Psychic Restlessness and General Health of Infertile Women. Avicenna J Nurs Midwifery Care 2022; 30 (2) :142-150
URL: http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-2388-en.html

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Training Based on Transactional Analysis (TA) and Pilates Exercises on Psychic Restlessness and General Health of Infertile Women

Susan Belir¹

, Kourosh Goodarzi ^*

², Mehdi Roozbahani³

, Mohammad Ismail Ebrahimi⁴

, Keivan Kakabraee⁵

1- Department of Psychology, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran
2- Department of Psychology, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran , Ko.Goodarzy@iau.ac.ir
3- Department of Motor Behavior, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran
4- Department of Psychology, Hamadan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
5- Department of Psychology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran

Keywords: General Health, Infertile Women, Psychic restlessness, Pilates Exercises, Training Based on Transactional Analysis (TA)

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Background and Objective

Reproductive health is a public health issue with far-reaching impacts, especially for women. This issue is so important and referred to as reproductive rights which are grounded in a range of fundamental human rights, and is an essential step in ensuring the health of the family and society. The association between psychic restlessness, stress, and infertility often forms a defective cycle and they exacerbate each other. Couples blame themselves for infertility which increases their mental stress and aggravates the problem. Furthermore, infertility takes on a deeper dimension in the culture of Iran due to the role of parents and other family members in the lives of couples. Therefore, reproductive health and Psychic restlessness have always been challenging especially for infertile women as they may be subjected to pressure especially by their spouses, family members, and society. Women usually fail to have enough information and tools to control their anxiety; therefore, their concerns should be considered when implementing health programs, and various studies should be conducted on the anxiety caused by infertility. Exercise, as a therapeutic approach, routinely changes physical and mental health and impatience; therefore, training based on Transactional analysis (TA) and Pilates exercises may also affect infertility and the health of infertile women. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of training based on Transactional analysis (TA) and Pilates exercises on Psychic restlessness and the general health of infertile women.

Materials and Methods

The present quasi-experimental study with intervention and control groups was conducted on 75 infertile women using the convenience sampling method. Then, the sample was divided into training based on Transactional analysis (TA), Pilates exercises, and control by random sampling method. The groups answered the Psychic restlessness Questionnaire by Alikhani M, Kazemi Haghighi N (2017) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) by Goldberg (1972). Then, the Transactional analysis (TA) and the Pilates groups underwent eight 60-min and three 90-minute sessions per week, respectively. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 23) and ANCOVA.

Results

The scores of Psychic restlessness and general health of infertile women were almost the same in the control and intervention groups in the pretest. However, the findings indicate that training based on Transactional analysis (TA) and Pilates exercises are effective for Psychic restlessness and the general health of infertile women (F= 34.361 and P< 0.05, F= 26.240 and P< 0.05). As the comparison of changes indicates, the level of Psychic restlessness of the subjects who received the training was significantly reduced compared to that of the control group. Also, the general health of the subjects who received the training was significantly increased compared to that of the control group. The comparison of the obtained means suggests that training based on the Transactional analysis (TA) is more effective in mental changes and health of infertile women compared to Pilates exercises. The level of ETA also indicates that approximately 34.6% of Psychic restlessness changes under the influence of intervention groups. Also, the difference between the means of the three groups was statistically significant in pairs in Psychic restlessness, and general health groups (P <0.05). Therefore, due to the significant difference between the mean of the control group and each of the intervention groups in the post-test, the mean difference between the pre-test and post-test of Psychic restlessness and general health is significant in the intervention groups. In addition, the above-mentioned findings indicate the mean difference between the two groups is significant in Psychic restlessness and general health in the post-test. Therefore, training based on Transactional analysis (TA) and Pilates exercises can be said to be different in terms of effectiveness on Psychic restlessness and general health.

Conclusion

The results of the present study indicated that the changes in Psychic restlessness and general health in the intervention and control groups were not the same in the pre-test and post-test and a significant difference was observed between the training performed on infertile women. These findings were consistent with those of Ciucur and Pirvut (2011), Kristin and Alice (2018), and Greil (2017). Training based on Transactional analysis (TA) organizes the disturbed thoughts and feelings of an individual; therefore, the individual can better understand themselves by segregating and organizing thoughts and feelings. Therefore, the analysis of reciprocal behavior enables individuals to analyze and solve problems in crises. According to the results, finding methods based on interpersonal relationships and emotional issues reduce the level of Psychic restlessness in women and even improve their general health, which is an important action to ensure mental health in women. Many studies on anxiety and depression in the process of infertility treatment indicate that having fear during ovulation and fetal transfer, as well as unsuccessful treatment or frustration with having a child, leads to psychological problems in infertile patients. The findings of the present study concluded that training based on the Transactional analysis (TA) approach and Pilates exercises are effective in both Psychic restlessness and health. However, training based on the Transactional analysis (TA) approach can be effectively used alongside other types of therapeutic methods during the treatment of infertility. Therefore, health managers can use the findings of the present study and create supportive and educational environments to promote resilience and improve the health of infertile couples.

Type of Study: Original Research | Subject: Education in Nursing and Midwifery
Received: 2021/10/18 | Accepted: 2022/03/18 | Published: 2022/05/31

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