Background: Tubectomy is a procedure recommended for women not planning to get pregnant again. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate anxiety and depression and their risk factors in women who have undergone tubectomy.

  Methods: The present historic cohort study was conducted on 200 women who have undergone tubectomy and 200 women using condoms as their contraceptive method of choice. The simple random sampling method was used to collect data from health care centers across Rudsar in 2012-2013. Anxiety and depression were evaluated through the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data were analyzed using the chi-squared test, the t-test and the multiple linear regression.

  Result: There was a significant difference between the mean overall score of anxiety and depression in the tubectomy group (16.50 ± 6.49) and the non-tubectomy group (11.23 ± 5.97) (P<0.0001). The overall prevalence of anxiety and depression was 81.5% in the tubectomy group and 48.5% in the non-tubectomy group (P<0.0001). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that low education levels (P<0.0001), poststerilization regret (P=0.03) and the lack of pre-tubectomy consultations (P=0.03) had a significant statistical relationship with the risk of anxiety and depression in women who have undergone tubectomy .

  Conclusion: Given that selecting a contraceptive method is inevitable, women need to be informed about the advantages and disadvantages of tubectomy and other methods of contraception. The present study found significant differences in the risk of developing anxiety and depression between women who have undergone tubectomy and those who have not.