Background: Self- care has an important role in management of patients with chronic renal failure. The present study was implemented to determine self-care agency among patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis .

  Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 139 End stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis in Boali hospital of Ardebil (22 June -22 July 2013), were included in the study with census. The necessary data was collected through interview by using the modified form of Chinese version of appraisal Self-Care agency Scale (ASA). This scale has 11 items about demographic characteristic and 28 items were used to measure self-care agency. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and independent T-Test and ANOVA.

  Result: The overall Self-care agency of research units was moderate (61 . 46 ± 8 . 2). Factors such as age (P=0.0 0 1), education status (P=0.0 0 0), marital status (P=0.02) and living place (P=0.009) had a significant relationships with self-care agency.

  Conclusion: In This study Self-care agency of End stage renal disease patients was undesirable, therefore given the crucial role of self-care behaviors in maintaining life and health and prevention the effect of the disease, it is required to patients care responsibility transferred. The results can help health planners and nurses in designing self-care training programs for End stage renal disease patients, with respect to needs and level of self-care agency of patients.