Volume 29, Issue 2 (Spring 2021)                   Avicenna J Nurs Midwifery Care 2021, 29(2): 137-145 | Back to browse issues page


XML Persian Abstract Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Saeidi Asl S, Robati F S. The Effectiveness of Yoga Therapy on Early Maladaptive Schemas and Emotional Distress of Depressed Women: A Semi Experimental Study. Avicenna J Nurs Midwifery Care 2021; 29 (2) :137-145
URL: http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-2221-en.html
1- M.A. of General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Rafsanjan Branch, Rafsanjan, Iran
2- Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Rafsanjan Branch, Rafsanjan, Iran , robati.fa@yahoo.com
Abstract:   (3282 Views)

Introduction: Using yoga movements helps depressed women to become aware of and control their minds and emotions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of yoga therapy on early maladaptive schemas and emotional distress of depressed women in Tehran.
Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pre- and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all depressed women referring to Omid and Rah-e-Farda counseling centers in the first half of 2019 in Tehran, Iran. The sampling method was available sampling. The sample size was at least 10 based on the type of research that was considered in the experimental research for each group. The sample was 30 subjects who were randomly divided into two groups of experimental (15 people) and control (15 people). The research tools included the Yang Inconsistent Schema Questionnaires (2005) and Toronto's Emotional Disappointment (2005). To analyze the data, mean, standard deviation and covariance analysis were used using SPSS 23. P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: In the cut-off and exclusion variables in the pre-test of the intervention group, the mean and standard deviation were 2.85±21.03, in the control group 3.50±16.46, in the cut-off and exclusion variables in the post-test of the intervention group, the mean and standard deviation was 4.28±15.28, in the control group 3.28±15.28, in the variable of disturbed restrictions in the pre-test of the intervention group, the mean and standard deviation were 3.72±12.63, in the control group 30±17.80 3. In the disturbed constraint variable in the post-test of the intervention group, the mean and standard deviation were 4.43±17.76, in the control group was 3.76±17.90, and in the emotional malaise variable in the pre-test of the intervention group, the mean and standard deviation of 49.80.±37.67, in the control group 52.86±36.51, in the variable of disturbed constraints in the post-test of the intervention group, the mean and standard deviation of 13.06.±23.73, in the control group 33.37±76.3, was obtained. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the scores of incompatible schemas, emotional inadequacy and psychological health of the experimental and control group in the post-test stage (P <0.01).
Conclusions: Thus, yoga therapy is an effective treatment for maladaptive schemas, emotional distress, and of depressed women.

Persian Full-Text [PDF 430 kb]   (1164 Downloads) |   |   Extended Abstract (HTML)  (723 Views)  

✅ Thus, yoga therapy is an effective treatment for maladaptive schemas, emotional distress, and of depressed women.


Type of Study: Original Research | Subject: Nursing
Received: 2020/08/8 | Accepted: 2020/09/8 | Published: 2020/11/28

References
1. Naveen GH, Varambally S, Thirthalli J, Rao M, Christopher R, Gangadhar BN. Serum cortisol and BDNF in patients with major depression- effect of yoga. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2016; 28(3): 273-78. [DOI:10.1080/09540261.2016.1175419] [PMID]
2. Dumas JE, Neese DE, Prinz RJ, Blechman EA. Short-term stability of aggression, peer rejection, and depressive symptoms in middle childhood. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2017; 24(1):105-19. [DOI:10.1007/BF01448376] [PMID]
3. Pozza A, Albert U, Dèttore D. Early maladaptive schemas as common and specific predictors of skin picking subtypes. BMC Psychol. 2020; 8(1):27. [DOI:10.1186/s40359-020-0392-y] [PMID] [PMCID]
4. Aloi M, Rania M, Caroleo M, Carbone EA, Fazia G, Calabrò G, et al. How are early maladaptive schemas and DSM‐5 personality traits associated with the severity of binge eating? J Clin Psychol. 2020; 76(3): 539-48. [DOI:10.1002/jclp.22900] [PMID]
5. Gojani PJ, Masjedi M, Khaleghipour S, Behzadi E. Effects of the schema therapy and mindfulness on the maladaptive schemas hold by the psoriasis patients with the psychopathology symptoms. Adv Biomed Res. 2016; 6(1): 54-62. [DOI:10.4103/2277-9175.190988] [PMID] [PMCID]
6. Young JE. Young Schema Questionnaire- Short Form. New York: Schema Therapy Institute; 2008.
7. Yousefi R, Seyed Hashemi SG, Sohrabi L, Hossein Abadi M. The association between early maladaptive schemas and defense styles with hoarding behaviour among university students. Pract Clin Psychol. 2018; 6(4): 223-30. [DOI:10.32598/jpcp.6.4.223]
8. Harvey R, Andriopoulou P, Grogan S. Perceived mechanisms of change in therapeutic yoga targeting psychological distress. J Bodyw Move Ther. 2020; 24(1): 274-80. [DOI:10.1016/j.jbmt.2019.06.014] [PMID]
9. Ruiz-Aranda D, Salguero JM, Fernandez-Berrocal P. Emotional regulation and acute pain perception in women. J Pain. 2009; 11(6): 564-69. [DOI:10.1016/j.jpain.2009.09.011] [PMID]
10. Den Heijer AE, Groen Y, Tucha L, Fuermaier A.B, Koerts J, Lange KW, et al. Sweat it out? The effects of physical exercise on cognition and behavior in children and adults with ADHD: A systematic literature review. J Neural Transm. 2017; 124(Suppl 1): 3-26. [DOI:10.1007/s00702-016-1593-7] [PMID] [PMCID]
11. Verma S, Kumar K. Evidence based study on super brain yoga and its application on alpha EEG in adolescence. Int J Sci Conscious. 2016; 2(4): 40-46.
12. Balasubramaniam M, Telles S, Doraiswamy PM. Yoga on our minds: A systematic review of yoga for neuropsychiatric disorders. Front Psychiatry. 2013; 3: 117. [DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2012.00117] [PMID] [PMCID]
13. Mallahi K, Ghodrati S, Vatankhah H. Effectiveness of gestalt group play therapy to aggression and social skills of children sexual abused in the child labors group. J Pediatric Nurs. 2019; 6(1): 54-63.
14. Taherdoost H. Sampling methods in research methodology; How to choose a sampling technique for research. SSRN Elect J. 2016; 5(2): 18-27. [DOI:10.2139/ssrn.3205035]
15. Ahi Gh, Mohammadifar MA, Besharat MA. Reliability and validity of Young schema Questionnaire-Short Form. J Psychol Educ. 2007; 37(3): 5-20.
16. Karreman A, Vingerhoest AdJ. Attachment and well-being: The mediating role of emotion regulation and resilience. Pers Individ Differ. 2012; 53(7): 821-826. [DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2012.06.014]
17. Hosseini F, Khayyer M. The role of teacher in mathematical academic emotional and emotional regulation students. J Psychol. 2011; 5(20): 41-63.
18. Ghanbari Hashem Abadi BA, Saadat M. The effect of yoga rhythmic movements on the social interactions of children with mental deficiency. Stud Educ Psychol. 2010; 11(1): 171-88.
19. Sistig B. Mindful yoga as an adjunct treatment for forensic inpatients: A preliminary evaluation. J Forensic Psychiatry Psychol. 2015; 26(6): 824-46. [DOI:10.1080/14789949.2015.1062996]
20. Danucalov M, Simoes RS, Kozasa EH, Leite JA. Cardiorespiratory and Metabolic Changes during Yoga Sessions. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2008; 33(2): 77-81. [DOI:10.1007/s10484-008-9053-2] [PMID]
21. Naveen GH, Varambally S, Thirthalli J, Rao M, Christopher R, Gangadhar BN. Serum cortisol and BDNF in patients with major depression-effect of yoga. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2016; 28(3): 273-78. [DOI:10.1080/09540261.2016.1175419] [PMID]
22. Streeter CC, Whitfield TH, Owen L, Rein T, Karri SK, Yakhkind A, et al. Effects of yoga versus walking on mood, anxiety, and brain GABA levels: A randomized controlled MRS study. J Altern Complement Med. 2010; 16(11): 1145-52. [DOI:10.1089/acm.2010.0007] [PMID] [PMCID]
23. Ensari I, Petruzzello SJ, Motl RW. The effects of acute yoga on anxiety symptoms in response to a carbon dioxide inhalation task in women. Complement Ther Med. 2019; 3(5): 28-42. [DOI:10.1016/j.ctim.2019.102230] [PMID]
24. Stephens I. Medical yoga therapy. Children. 2017; 4(2):12. [DOI:10.3390/children4020012] [PMID] [PMCID]
25. Rezaei F, Karimi F, Afshari A, Hosseini-Ramaghani N. The correlation between alexithymia and anxiety, depression in asthma. Feyz (J Kashan Uni Med Sci). 2017; 21(2): 179-87.
26. Korostiy V. Alexithymia, aggressiveness and predictive ability in patients with psychosomatic diseases and emotional (anxiety and depressive) disorders. Eur Psychiatry. 2015; 30(2): 1251. [DOI:10.1016/S0924-9338(15)32006-X]

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Send email to the article author


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

© 2024 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb